causes:
Massive (3M’s +K)
–> myelofibrosis, myeloid leukaemia (CML), malaria, kala azar
Moderate (as above plus…)
–> myeloproliferative disease, lymphoproliferative disease, cirrhosis with chronic portal HTN.
Mild (as above plus…)
–> infxn (IE, Infectious mononucleosis, CMV), storage disorder, infiltrative (sarcoid, amyloid), Conn tissue dis (SLE, RA)
em…ape lagi ek?x ingat dah…
SLE=Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.
points to remember for dx of SLE:
ORDER HIS ANA
O: Oral ulcers
R: Rash (malar)
D: Discoid rash
E: Exaggerated photosensitivity
R: Renal-proteinuria,cellular casts
H: Haematological-haemolysis/leuko/thrombocytopenia
I: Immunological-LE? cells, anti-dsDNA Ab, VDRL
S: Serositis-pleuritis, pericarditis
A: Arthritis-non erosive carditis
N: neurological- seizures, psychosis
A: ANA Ab
ARA (American Rheumatic Association) criteria- to make a dx of SLE, must have 4 or > of the 11 criteria(ORDER HIS ANA), either simultaneously or serially!
okay fizah…ingat tu!!!huhu…tension tension…
